Early Care and Education Programs †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Early Care and Education Programs. Answer: Introduction: Mrs. Betty White is an 85 year old woman and a widow of 5 years. She has been living in a low care aged care facility since her husband died. She has a supportive family and has a sonand a daughter.Her daughter lives locallyandvisits twicea week. Her sonlives interstate with his family.Members of her church also visit her once a week. She takes the help of family members and taxis to get around. Betty is an ex-smoker and gave up smoking 10 years ago.She has a medical history of Hypertension, Hypercholesterolaemia, Asthma/COPD, Osteoarthritis.She was admitted in the hospital as she was suffering from a chest infection.The doctors diagnosed that she was suffering from Left lower lobe pneumonia (Chan, 2015). When she was admitted in the hospital, she developed a fracture in the right neck of femur.Betty was taken to the Emergency Department (ED) with the help of an ambulance. She suffered from high temperature, shortness of breath and congestion in the chest.Her daughter Jane, was informed that her mother was hospitalized.A chest x-ray and blood tests were conducted in the ED and the reports showed that Betty was suffering from pneumonia.She was advised on intravenous (IV) antibiotics, oxygen therapy and Ventolin and Normal Saline nebulisersby the clinicians in the hospital. Betty was transferred to the respiratory or a medical ward on the same day in the afternoon(Lancaster, 2015). The clinical practice issues of concern in Bettys care that her mother was not given any medicaments in the morning by the nursing staff and usual medications were not written up on her medication chart (McFarland, 2014).Jane had a talk with the nurse that her mother seemed to be a bit confused and it was not normal as her mother was normally quite alert and orientated. Another concern during Bettys case was that her daughter was not informed about her condition becoming worse and a fellow patient in Bettys room rang the bell at 2am in order to call the staff and shouted ina loudvoice to seek help. The nurse found out that Betty was laying on the floor next to her bed.Her IV was pulled out and there was blood was all over the floor.She was moaning.It was observed by the nurses that Betty had developed a laceration on her forehead and her right leg and foot was externally rotated.The nurses also found out that Betty had urinated on the floor.When Jane was informed about it she was fur ious that proper care was not given to her mother inspite of informing the nurse that she was in a confused state(Wall Morrison, 2014). Betty was observed by the resident medical officer, who advised an urgent head CT scan and x-ray of her legs.The reports of the CT scan were normal but the x-ray showed that Betty had developed an intracapsular fracture in her right neck of femur.Betty was advised a surgery by the orthopaedic team in the morning and her hip wound edges were not healing as she had developed an infection.This shows that the surgical procedure was not successful as well(gotnes, Jacobsen, Petersen, 2016). The National Health and Safety Standardswere developed by the Commission in order to improve the quality of health care in Australia by the implementation of safety and quality systems.There are 10 NSQHS Standards in order to ensure quality care for patients and satisfaction. These are as follows: Governance for Safety and Quality in Health Service Organisations which involves the provision of quality healthcare services to the patients. Partnering with Consumers which aims to develop several strategies in order to develop a health system that is consumer-centred. It also includes taking a feedback from consumers during the development and design of quality health care. Preventing and Controlling Healthcare Associated Infections which involves different types strategies in order to prevent infection in patients during the treatment in the healthcare system and.It also involves using proper methods to manage infections in an effective manner when they occur to reduce the drastic health effects(Alkon, Rose, Wolff, Aronson, 2016). Medication Safety which involves the formation of proper systems and s trategies in order to make sure that the clinicians have prescribed and administer to patients. Patient Identification and Procedure Matching which involves the formation of appropriate systems and strategies for the correct identification of patients.This standard is developed to make sure that the identity of the patient matches with the correct treatment(Huber, 2013). Clinical Handover which involves the formation of appropriate systems and strategies in order to make sure that the clinical communication is done in an effective manner to provide proper patient care. Blood and Blood Products which involves the formation of appropriate systems and strategies to make sure that management of blood and blood products received by the patients safe, effective and appropriate(Moorhead, Johnson, Swanson, 2014). Preventing and managing pessure injuries which involves the formation of appropriate systems and strategies in order to prevent pressure injuries developing in patients and providing proper practice management during the occurrence of pressure injuries . Recognising and responding to clinical deterioration in acute health care which which involves the formation of appropriate systems and processes that should be implemented by health service organisations in order to respond to patients in an effective manner when their health condition gets worsened(Potter, 2014). 10. Preventing Falls and Harm from Falls which which involves the formation of appropriate systems and strategies in order to reduce the occurrence of patients falls in health service organisations and providing proper care. It can be observed from the case study of Betty that there are a few National Health and Safety Standards that have been breached in providing her proper care.These are Standard 1, Governance for Safety and Quality in Health Service Organisations because Betty was not provided quality care in the hospital as the nurse allotted to her did not take proper care during the night in spite of knowing that she was in a confused state. She was also being admitted in a 4 bed ward that was quite far off from the nurses(Steven, Magnusson, Pearson, 2014). Her daughter was also not informed when her health worsened during the night. Another nursing standard that was breached is Preventing and Controlling Healthcare Associated Infections, because after the surgery was done she developed an infection which shows that proper strategies were not followed by the clinicians during the surgery. Standard 4,that is Medication Safety was also breached because Bretty was not prescribed any medicines by the nurse when she was admitted in the ED and her daughter had to inform the same to the nurse(Rosenthal, 2014). The two standards that could have been maintained by the healthcare staff in the delivery of care to Betty and her family during her hospitalisation are Standard 1 and Standard 4. Standard 1 is Governance for Safety and Quality in Health Service Organisationswhich involves the provision of quality health services by the health service organisations in order to implement safe practices. The clinicians would have transparent towards betty and her daughter Jane and should provided proper information about her disease. The health care services should have been flexible easy in its access. There should have been recruitment of dedicated nurses.(Peabody, 2015) There would have been positive impact in health. There should be proper education of patients which can lead to reduction of the anxiety, stress and pain during their hospital journey. Betty and her daughter should have been given proper information about the disease, its symptoms, treatment plan and preventive measures to avoid any confusion and to tackle the disease. Lack of good communication has lead to misinterpretation and errors in the treatment. Betty should have been properly counseled and provided emotional support to boost her confidence and improve her self-esteem. Betty should have asked queries and doubts about the disease. This would have motivated her in improving her satisfaction. She should have properly evaluated the progress being made and also if there is any symptoms of ill effects. (Jones, 2016). Betty should have been provided with the various strategies for self management by the clinicians .They should work as collaborative team to provide proper communication to her as well to her daughter.This would have helped in enhancing her safety. Betty and her daughter should be provided the clear instructions of the medicines and the measures to be taken .(Festini, 2014).The precautions should have been advised to her such as she must be given a separate toilet at home if possible or should flush the toilet every time they use them. To get rid of the infections the caregivers must be supplied with gloves when they are handling the blood or urine samples.(Ball, Murrells, Rafferty, Griffiths, 2013). Standard 4 that is medication safety was also breached in the case of Bretty. It involves the documentation of correct medicines in the medication chart of the patient in order to prevent serious side effects. Documentation in nursing is a very important in healthcare and it is obtained by electronic means in to information that is recorded about the patient who will be undergoing treatment. The main objective of these systems is that it helps in decision analysis and facilitates treatment.The information is recorded in clinical database and can be used as future reference and evidence(Daly Jackson, 2017). It also includes various other reports like Magnetic Resonance Imaging, electrocardiograms and computerized tomography.Documenting care can be defined as a medical electronic record that will give the basic information of the patient, medices prescribed and treatments. In the case of Bretty, her nurse forgot to write medications in her medication chart and she was not given any me dicines. It would have led to serious medical complications in her if her daughter had not informed the nurse at the right time. There are various advantages of electronic health medical records like the patient records can be accessed more quickly and efficiently. It lowers the healthcare costs by proper coordination of the healthcare services by reduction in redundant and useless tests. It also provides better health care by improving all aspects of patient care like proper communication, being patientcentric and other important aspects of patient care. It enables the doctors to diagnose a disease more efficiently and reduces the chances of medical errors during surgical procedures The patients admitted in the ward in the health care organizations should be provided patient centered care. Nurses should try their best in providing quality care that would help in improving the health and well being of their patients. They should follow the basic ethical principles include Autonomy, Beneficence, Non-maleficence Justice, Paternalism. Autonomy reverts to the fact that the nurses should respect the choice and the decisions of their patients as they are also human beings and have the right to freedom of choice. Non-maleficence means that the nurses should do not harm their patients during the treatment procedure. They should be active and alert at all times and should have a sense of responsibility. Beneficience means that the nurses should try their best in providing quality care that would help in improving the health and well being of their patients (Staunton and Chiarella 2016).Justice means that the nurses should not be impartial to all their patients and there s hould be no discrimination on the basis of caste and religion. Fidelity means that the nurses should be loyal, faithful and treat their patients with dignity and respect. They should try their best to perform their duties and be responsible towards their patients. The health professionals providing patient care should be responsible towards their patients as well towards their family members. The clinicians should be supportive and should provide guidelines on the various precautions to be taken. They should also make sure they solve their problems and issues. They should provide appropriate health care services by using proper communication skills and ensure patient satisfaction. They should provide proper counseling and psychosocial care to get rid of emotional health like pain, anxiety; distress and low self esteem occurred due to the health issues.(Lewis, 2013). Patient safety can be ensured by identifying patients correctly by mentioning their name and date of birth, improved staff communication, safe use of medicines by administering them carefully in the patients.This will help in preventing various kinds of infections caused by different pathogens such as bacteria and viruses in the patients especially those who have undergone surgery(Lord Tiedemann, 2013) Several protective measures should taken by the health organizations to avoid various kinds of infection, injuries or accidents. It leads to serious complications, slow recovery, increased length of hospitalization and also unnecessary deaths of patients.It is a top priority in many hospitals but some hospitals are not able to avoid errors during their treatment. Hospitals should recruit safe and a competent nurse and the one who follows all the regulations, standards and the professional values during the service.The nurses should follow all the legal and ethical principles of nursing.There should be safe use of alarms to prevent mistakes in various surgical processes and identify safety risks in patients.They should take consent from the patient and his family members before starting the treatment procedure. Nurses should follow proper nursing interventions to patients according to the policies formed for the practice. References Agotnes, Jacobsen, Petersen, H. . (2016). A Critical Review of Research on Hospitalization from Nursing Homes; What is Missing?. Ageing. Alkon, Rose, Wolff, Aronson, K. . (2016). Health and Safety Checklist for Early Care and Education Programs to Assess Key National Health and Safety Standards. Maternal and child health journa , 20(1), 114-127. Ball, Murrells, Rafferty, Griffiths, M. (2013). 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